1. Introduction of C language

Introduction:

C is general-purpose, structured programming language, developed by Denis Ritchie in 1972 at Bell lab USA.

Its instructions consist of terms that resemble algebraic expressions, augmented by certain English keywords such as if, else, for, do and while

In this respect C resembles other high-level structured programming languages such as Pascal and FORTRAN.

C also contains certain additional features, however, that allow it to be used at a lower level, thus bridging the gap between machine language and the more conventional high-level languages.

This flexibility allows C to be used for system programming as well as for applications programming.

C is characterized by the ability to write very concise source programs, due in part to the large number of operators included within the language.

It has a relatively small instruction set, though actual implementations include extensive library functions which enhance the basic instructions.

C compilers are easily available for computers of all sizes, and C interpreters are becoming increasingly common.

The compilers are usually compact, and they generate object programs that are small and highly efficient when compared with programs compiled from other high-level languages.

The interpreters are less efficient, though they are easier to use when developing a new program.

Many programmers begin with an interpreter, and then switch to a compiler once the program has been debugged (i.e., once all of the programming errors have been removed).